Handwriting Legibility Scale (HLS)

Barnett,Prunty, & Rosenblum, 2018

A tool for detecting difficulties in producing a legible writing product. It evaluates the global readability of the handwriting in order to detect writing difficulties and to refer to the appropriate treatment provider. In addition, the tool may help target treatment goals in the field of writing.

Download the HLS questionnaire​
HLS ID Card

Publications

  1. Barnett, A. L., Prunty, M., & Rosenblum, S. (2018). Development of the Handwriting Legibility Scale (HLS): A preliminary examination of reliability and validity. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 72, 240–247. doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2017.11.013
  2. Fogel, Y., & Rosenblum, S. (2022). Anticipatory awareness and actual handwriting performance measures among adolescents with deficient executive functions. Children, 9(5), 684. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9111628
  3. Fogel, Y., Rosenblum, S., & Barnett, A. (2022). Handwriting legibility across different writing tasks in school-aged children. Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy. https://doi.org/10.1177/15691861221075709
  4. Čunek, L., Ondřej, J., Blažíčková, I., Pupíková, V., Lacko, D., Prošek, T., & Šafárová, K. (2023). Handwriting quality: Psychometric properties of two evaluation scales with a Czech sample. The American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 77(3), 7703205130. 
  5. Koul, P., & Kovela, R. K. (2023). Handwriting evaluation in school-aged children with developmental coordination disorder: A literature review. Cureus, 15(3). 
  6. Lu, H., Chen, X., Leung, F. K., & Zuo, H. (2023). Reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of a Chinese handwriting legibility scale among primary students in central China. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1050894. 
  7. Saile, A., & Yasin, M. H. M. (2024). EFFECTS OF FINE MOTOR TRAINING IN IMPROVING THE LEGIBILITY OF HANDWRITING OF STUDENTS WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS. Special Education [SE], 2(1), e0010-e0010. 
  8. Stuart, N., Zoia, S., Biancotto, M., & Barnett, A. L. (2024). The Handwriting Legibility Scale: A Language and Age Extension for Students With and Without Specific Learning Difficulties. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 1(aop), 1-2